Fireplaces – is yours safe and in good shape? The overwhelming majority of fireplaces in our part of the country are not used as a primary source of heating, but for romantic appeal or creating a cozy atmosphere. After World War II, the fireplace became more of a decorative feature than a viable source of heat. Solid stone or brick fireplaces have been replaced by less expensive variations, such as zero-clearance pre-fabricated models. A good fire is exhilarating and relaxing, stimulating and peaceful … and fun.
If you have a fireplace in your home, do you know what kind it is? A fireplace built in 1976 can be vastly different from one installed in a home today. How was the fireplace constructed? When was it last cleaned or maintained? Does it have a gas starter or gas logs? Everything enjoyable can turn dangerous or be a nuisance that can cause problems of many kinds.
We certainly cannot be exhaustive about all of fireplace safety in one brief article. There are many fire safety organizations, and a plethora of information exists on the internet. From the experience of inspecting many homes, I find a few common items often needing attention. Let’s talk briefly about a few components of fireplaces and proper maintenance – inside and outside!
Inspect the exterior from top to bottom. At the top, the cap should be in good condition and sealed to not allow water or pests inside. What kind of cap does your fireplace have? A corner of mine was damaged and a small hole punctured from a falling limb after one of our recent storms. Mortar caps deteriorate with time. Caps may need rebuilding, replacing, sealing, mortar work, and more.
Flashing around the base of the chimney where it intersects the roof must be properly installed and in good condition. This is a common deficiency and cause of problems. The slightest leak can cause moisture penetration, and that can cause damage and mold inside the wall cavity from the roof to the sill plate.
If there are fire bricks, are they in good condition or are there cracks in the brick or mortar that need to be repaired? Or are there refractory panels? These panels can be cracked or missing altogether. Fire bricks and refractory panels should be in good condition.
The damper should be able to open properly when the fireplace is in use or not in use. If artificial gas logs are installed, a damper clamp is required by code in an open fireplace.
Depending on how much a fireplace is being used will determine how often the flue should be cleaned. Creosote builds up on the walls of the chimney and is highly combustible. If an internal flue temperature is high enough, it can cause a fire in the chimney. If your chimney is being used, you should have a professional chimney sweep inspect it for any needed maintenance and repairs.
One more item that is related to the fireplace. If you’re storing firewood, make sure that it’s not piled up against your house or any other building. Firewood decomposes and attracts all kinds of pests. You’re inviting insects to make their home there, and they will find their way to the weep holes and inside the wall cavities. Keep the wood pile clean and organized and at least 18” away from any structure.
For more information about your chimney and fire safety, please go to the Chimney Safety Institute of America website at www.csia.org. May you enjoy many days, evenings, and years of safe and enjoyable fires. Stay warm and safe my friends. Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!
